November 3, 2009

Permaculture and the Three Epochs Curriculum

Appropriate Technology and Small Intensive Systems

By utilizing appropriate technologies that sustain, rather than hinder and destroy the balance of nature, an ethic and attitude of care, cooperation and the need to follow nature’s pristine example will become apparent. We will learn to mimic the ecological processes within the local bioregion where we live and work, creating balanced ecosystems in their own right.

Because we postulate that we start small and stay relatively small with practices such as utilization of vertical space in our planning (stacking), ecologically based design, and increasing yields-not size of acreage, participants have the opportunity to deliver a unique point-of-view geared to small and mid-sized land-bases. By presenting holistic systems such as The Three Epochs and Permaculture to mainstream educators and students, and by showing how they can be economically viable and ecologically sound, at the same time, education policies toward land use and land ethic will change. You will become more sensitive to the overall health of human life, your basic needs, and the needs of all beings in the landscape. By seeing wholes rather than parts, you will be more apt and willing caretakers who will work to restore and sustain the intended living environment for all creation.

November 2, 2009

Permaculture and the Three Epochs Curriculum

Training

Training in hunter-gatherer living and nature skills sharpens our ability to see life as it is and develop hand and eye coordination, placing us into an environment where we must observe and create what we need in an immediate and balanced way. If our assumptions are correct then there is still an enormous need to communicate information about these topics and related eco-agricultural and sustainable technological systems to students, educators, administrators, politicians, the media, farmers, architects, ranchers and the like. The dual approach of theory and practice is specifically project-based. Along with practical projects that we will tackle during the training, we will also be building communication skills, thoughtful introspection and the ability to enhance our work in the future with prospective clientele in whatever profession we choose or at our home site.

You will learn about leading trends in sustainable agriculture, i.e. Permaculture, Biodynamic Agriculture, Bio-intensive gardening, the eco-agriculture movement as purported by Acres USA, organic systems, the natural way of farming of Masanobu Fukuoka and indigenous systems of agriculture. You also learn about renewable energy systems (wind, water, solar), ecological building practices (straw bale, cob, earthbag, etc.) and everything from tool-making to animal husbandry. The curriculum includes all of these systems and merges them into a working whole.

Based on an understanding of the basic principles and ethics expounded during the course you will be able to evaluate your work in the field through an applied set of ideas that move from the whole to the specific. With astute observation and an understanding of essential and cyclical patterns found in the natural world you will be able to help yourselves and others to lift the veil of the landscape and create new ideas based on the archetypal energies and forms which give birth to all the diversified elements and interactions on the farm, in the garden, the home site, the village, suburbs and city.

October 31, 2009

Permaculture and the Three Epochs Curriculum

Course Summary

This course will reveal to you the awareness of The Three Epochs of Humanity and Permaculture as a complete system of appropriate technology. It helps you research and access related systems of eco-agriculture and earth skills. You will deepen your ability to understand personal needs, penetrate to the root of existing problems, and through the whole-systems approach of the Three Epochs and Permaculture curriculum, be able to pinpoint biases and dogma in preexisting systems of education and training received, and transcend them. You learn to turn theory into practice, becoming more astute observers of the landscape. And you learn hand-skills that can be used for life and passed down to the next generation.

You will be exposed to the belief that minerals, plants, animals and humans interact in one vast web of being. This affords you the opportunity to apply the lifestyle methods employed from the Three Epochs coursework that begin with whole thinking and move to specifics.

You will learn to use appropriate technologies that sustain life, realizing that how we make use of the natural world can be both ecologically sound and economically viable. You will be able to deliver the principles and skills learned in the course to a wider audience, family, friends, associates, where attitudes toward land-use and land-ethic will change. Overall health of nature and humanity is the first priority. You will become caretakers of the earth, thus giving heed to a “sustainability mindset”. By becoming aware of the structure, locational pattern and function of everything we see or place in the landscape, we are able to construct circular models where zero waste, use and reuse, and conservation become the essence of our thinking and doing.

The curriculum consists of assignments and hands-on practicum in the hunter-gatherer, agricultural, Permaculture and modern appropriate technology lifestyles, depicting human settlement patterns and land-use. The course is divided into three major areas and three transitional areas. You will receive personalized instruction from your main facilitator. The facilitator will choose exercises and activities based on your needs and progress with the work. You will communicate with your facilitator through e-mail, snail-mail and by phone, when necessary. Information packets, course and resource materials and a complete bibliography on related topics will be distributed. Student partnerships and team projects are encouraged, where appropriate.

This on-line course promotes practical hands-on activities in the field, based on season and site requirements, giving participants a basic background and context to extend the principles, methods and values of The Three Epochs and Permaculture into a working practice that moves beyond mere theory to develop life transforming skills and abilities. The primary method utilized is observation, where we learn to read directly from the Book of Nature, gather essential data from our observations and thereby assimilate this data into an agricultural and technological approach that works in a balanced fashion within the local bioregion that a site exists in. We will create working maps and models that depict the entire history of human settlement and landscape metamorphosis, while working through political, social, economic and environmental issues toward an ecologically sound and sustainable land use ethic. All of this is ultimately directed into a final design of the student’s home site.

October 31, 2009

Permaculture and Three Epochs Curriculum

The Process of Design and Site Planning
The process of design: 1) Thoroughly evaluate the site and available ecological resources; 2) Investigate renewable and sustainable systems and materials; 3) Design the vision; 4) Develop and integrate systems; 5) Complete detailed design; 6) Create action steps for putting the plan into motion; 7) Manifest the design on the ground; 8) Maintain. A detailed report and site plan, whether for raw land or preexisting settlement, will be drafted.
A selection of the proficiencies addressed in site planning: practical homesteading skills; renewable energy (wind, solar, water, fire) systems; eco-building construction and home retrofit; biological waste management systems and waste detoxification; water collection systems; storage, cycling and distribution of fresh water; air and water purification; aquaculture; land restoration; utility plant landscapes and food forests; animals; community gardens; cooling, heating and climate regulation; recreation; noise abatement; peaceful sanctuary; biological diversity; nutrient storage; recycling; budgeting; maintenance; and management.

October 31, 2009

Another Message from a Student

Hello wonderful permaculturalists!

I hope this email finds you all well. Thanks so much to those of you who’ve shared your updates with us – I love reading about what you’re up to J

So I thought I’d join the party. My progress has been of a different sort however. My husband and I were already on a path to make our farmstead more sustainable/efficient for several years now – and the course has given me good ideas for how to integrate our actions better . . . but the real take-home lessons for me were in other areas of my life. You all affected me so much – on many levels. And I think about some aspect of the course every day.

Since we left Columbiaville in August, I have been spending quite a bit of time contemplating some key parts of my life and it has helped me gain a new, healthier perspective. In many ways I felt in a rut for the past several years, but I can see this changing now. Of course – I am still in the midst of this process, but I am heading in the right direction.

Some specific changes for me have been that I am looking at new career directions – this has been a long-standing issue in my life. It will still take some time and thought, but I feel a renewed energy in this path – I’ll keep you posted. I am also making more of an effort to meet new people (not the easiest for this introvert) – and having fun doing it. In that theme, I took a trip by myself down to Nashville recently – to make new friends, listen to awesome music, and maybe do a bit of drinking ;) It was great to be able to get out on my own and do this – it was even better however when Bek and Jesse joined me for the last two days of my stay!! Natalie also gave me a chance to get out of town for a stay at her place in Ypsi – which was much appreciated. And I’ve started to work on some poetry again as well – something I dabble in when things are transitioning for me . I know I’ll look back on my life in a few years and see that those 8 days in August, 2009 made a pivotal difference in the course of my life – for the better. Thank you all for being a part of that J

Two other notes to pass along –

1) The OK National Guard guys (aka “The Permaculture Platoon”) were deployed recently – so keep them in your thoughts and prayers while they are overseas.

2) For those in the Midwest area, the annual Ohio Ecological Food and Farm Association conference is being held in Granville , OH (middle of the state) on Feb 13&14, 2010. This conference is always worthwhile – Brian and I have gone the past 5 years. The theme is Growing with Integrity, Eating with Intention. And Joel Salatin is their featured speaker this year – this should be a good one! Their website is www.oeffa.org.

Well – those are the highlights folks. I miss you all very much! And Happy Halloween!

Polly Peterson Stout

October 30, 2009

Permaculture and the Three Epochs Curriculum

A Three-Phase Process
Permaculture is about whole systems, not about separate components. Because each element in a landscape or the built environment affects every other element at a site, we believe that a complete, comprehensive assessment is tantamount to develop healthy, productive, energy efficient relationships between elements for the benefit of everyone involved in day to day operations and life. By paying attention to all the details: topography, climate, water, wind, sun, activity nodes and corridors, buildings, machinery and tools, the waste stream, plants and animals, it enables us to make best use of what is already on the ground, and what we intend to put there. With a dynamic interaction of elements in process, and an assessment of both spatial and temporal attributes, organized around sound ecological principles, we can maximize yields and balance the landscape. In order to accomplish this we conduct a three phase process as follows:

Phase I: Initial discussion, protocol, history, institutional analysis, vision, mission, geopolitical assessment, bioregional delineation, values, objectives, needs, wants, budgets.

Phase II: On site assessment, abiotic and biotic factors, physical, biological and cultural attributes, landform, built environment, energy sources, present and historical land use features, activity nodes and corridors, land tenure, critical habitat foundations, soil composition, vegetation composition and cover, successional pattern and plant productivity, wildlife corridors, water resources, climatological factors, the waste stream.

Phase III: Recommendations based on assessment and needs, suitability analysis, the whys and wherefores of transitioning into a “green” environment.

October 30, 2009

Permaculture: A Recent Letter from a Student

Hey folks,
Hope you all are well. I wanted to give a quick update on permaculturey happenings here on Normal Street in Ypsilanti. In late August we got six laying chickens. 4 are Hubbard Isas (a cross between Rhode Island Reds and Rhode Island Whites) and they are two years old. 2 are Golden Comets and they are 7 months old. They are a blast and laying quite well (approximately 4 eggs per day). They run the yard about 3 hours a day, and in addition to their lovely a-frame run attached to the cute coop, I built them a little mobile run so I can place them where I want chicken cultivation. I am deep littering using a combo of pine chips and straw. It is working very well and only stinks on rainy days:)

I just did my first solo harvest of honey (without my beekeeping mentor). It went excellent and I pulled five busting frames of honey and left one full honey super for the girls to feed on throughout the winter. I will probably end up with about 2.5 gallons on honey from this late fall harvest. I am very thankful to my lady bees for giving us such sweetness. I cut the honey comb from the frame into a five gallon bucket then mash it up using a bent painter’s scraper on a broom stick. Then I run it through painters cloth/sieve over a five gallon bucket and let the weight press out the honey (takes about 24 hours) Then I scoop it into clean jars…I have to do this in two separate waves cause there is too much mashed comb.

In addition to bees and chickens, I have planted four serviceberries (regent saskatoons), 3 american black currants, and 2 precocious hazelnuts. I still have an American Hybrid Chestnut and two Beach Plums to plant. I had to pull cut down and then tear up stumps and roots of buckthorn, viburnum, and some wild grapes in various places throughout my yard to make spaces for these new trees.

I’m also in process of digging a gigantic hole in my backyard that will function as a root cellar. My basement is too hot (boiler busts out a lot of heat). So, I’ve decided to experiment. The hole is almost done it is approximately 4X4X4. I will sink a big rubbermade tub full up of sand in the hole, stuff straw on the sides and use foam board insulation on top. I plan to fill it with Michigan apples and squash. I’ll keep you posted on how it goes.

Anyhow thought you might be interested. Hope all of your endeavors are full of joy and “success”.
Blessed bee,
Natalie

October 28, 2009

Permaculture and the Three Epochs Curriculum

The Three Epochs of Humanity and Permaculture

The Three Epochs of Humanity and Permaculture Curriculum contain the creative and experiential application of living skills passed down by our ancestors into the present time and beyond. The three areas of concentration are: 1) The Hunter-Gatherer Lifestyle; 2) Agricultural Settlement and pastoralism; 3) Appropriate Technology and the Ecological Epoch. The Three Epochs is designed to teach students to utilize what is available in the immediate landscape in a conscious and ecologically astute manner. By learning from the ground up we immerse ourselves in living history where knowledge and hand skills come together in an integrated, healthy fashion.

The word Permaculture was coined in 1978 by Bill Mollison, an Australian ecologist, and one of his students, David Holmgren. It is a contraction of “permanent agriculture”, or “permanent culture”.

According to Bill Mollison, the originator of the Permaculture design system, “Permaculture principles focus on thoughtful designs for small-scale intensive systems, which are labor efficient and which use biological resources instead of fossil fuels. Designs stress ecological connections and closed energy and material loops. The core of Permaculture is design and the working relationships and connections between all things. Each component in a system performs multiple functions, and each function is supported by many elements. Key to efficient design is observation and replication of natural ecosystems, where designers maximize diversity with polycultures, stress efficient energy planning for houses and settlement, using and accelerating natural plant succession, and increasing the highly productive edge-zones within the system.”
Permaculture is about designing ecological human habitats and food production systems. It is a land use and community building movement which strives for the harmonious integration of human dwellings, microclimate, annual and perennial plants, animals, soils, and water into stable, productive communities. The focus is not on these elements themselves, but rather on the relationships created among them by the way we place them in the landscape. This synergy is further enhanced by mimicking patterns found in nature.
A central theme in Permaculture is the design of ecological landscapes that produce food. Emphasis is placed on multi-use plants, cultural practices such as sheet mulching and trellising, and the integration of animals to recycle nutrients and graze weeds.
However, Permaculture entails much more than just food production. Energy-efficient buildings, waste water treatment, recycling, and land stewardship in general are other important components of Permaculture. More recently, Permaculture has expanded its purview to include economic and social structures that support the evolution and development of more permanent communities, such as co-housing and eco-villages. As such, Permaculture design concepts are applicable to urban as well as rural settings, and are appropriate for single households as well as whole farms and villages. From households to bioregional planning, Permaculture design is not limited by scale.
Ultimately, we can achieve ecological balance by synthesizing applied biology, eco-technology and integrative architecture: the merging of renewable energies and biological earth-systems.

October 28, 2009

Permaculture

From a Student in Madison, Wisconsin

I have learned and done a lot in the last year.

I learned that there are “weeds” growing in my yard that I can eat, like wood sorrel. That was a scary concept at first–something that doesn’t come from the farm or the grocery store can still be edible & have nutrients that are good for me. I had my first introduction to foraging. My neighbors had morels growing in their yard the day we did the walk-about with Vince, the foraging dude. Vince showed us how to tell the difference between real and false morels (it’s not hard).

I attended a Transition Town training and learned about community resilience. I want one of those. I am dedicating my life to bringing this about. A very important part of the TT process is to have a community visioning workshop with a group of people diverse in age, occupation, race, gender, etc. to dream about how we want to live in the future, given that resources are finite and running out. It’s about being proactive and creating something that we want and that could be awesome to live in, even with more “work”.

I spent the entire summer watching the grape vine along my fence and testing to see when the grapes would be edible. I’ve never done that before. It’s tuning me into the seasons more. (I learned first-hand the expression sour grapes.) I picked a bunch of grapes for E’s birthday at the end of September. They were good, and they were even better about 2 weeks later. These grapes are small and have seeds that are almost as big as the grape, so maybe next year I will figure out a way to cook them (jam? juice?).

I learned that the plant for one of the tinctures that I use daily for my psoariasis is an abundant weed in these parts. I will have someone help me positively identify it, and then get some seeds and grow it in my own yard. It’s the root of the plant, dug in the fall, that’s made into the tincture. I may still dig some this year, but I want to be absolutely sure of the plant before I dig it up.

I learned from the Permaculture Guild that there are people who are willing to share plants (I knew that, but these are plants that I want in my permaculture garden, that I can get free or cheap instead of buying at the garden center). Some day I will have enough to share with others. I already shared the wild ginger that really likes my back yard.

I took a Permaculture Design Certification course, and learned why permaculturists are so obssessed with holding all the water that falls on their roof and property (in the soil–so I don’t have to water as often, it can percolate through the soil and be cleaned, and it can recharge the aquifer). Permaculturists are also big on building the soil, and covet their neighbors leaves and fall garden trimmings for making compost. And Permaculturists are big on multi-function plantings. I don’t just plant pretty flowers or native plants, I also plant food bearing bushes, trees, and perennial veggies like asparagus (I can hardly wait!). I plant things that have shallow roots to gather surface water, and things that have deep roots (daikon radish, trees) to bring nutrients and water up from deep in the soil, for the use of all the plants. I plant things together that support each other and grow near each other in the wild–plant guilds (nitrogen fixers, nutrient accumulators, insectiary, medicinal) and I plant vertically as well as horizontally (bushes & shrubs under trees, climbing vines to shade the house, etc).

In the Madison Area Permaculture Guild, I learned how to sheet mulch (where I would use all my neighbors’ garden trimmings and leaves, and a boat load of cardboard, plus manure to create beautiful soil, especially over a grassy area that I wanted to turn into a garden). I learned the benefits of no-till gardening, which is why we sheet mulch. (Tilling aerates the soil, causing the micro-organisms to go into hyperdrive. That may be “OK” 1 or 2 years, but depletes the soil of nutrients much faster in the long run.)

In our Garden Wheel Projects over this year, I also learned how to dig a swale, and why they’re important (to hold the water)–and the importance of putting plants on the berm (the “hill” of soil left over from the swale–usually on the downhill side). Nature abhors bare soil & something will grow there, so I might as well plant something that I want.

I became fascinated with mycellium and mushrooms (their fruits). Mycellium has immense potential for filtration and remediation of toxic soil. I helped the Permaculture Guild build a mycofiltration area between Edgewood campus and Lake Wingra. One of the science professors will monitor water quality below the mushroom beds. I’m excited to see the results. I also learned that mycellium can jump-start a garden. That’s a fascinating concept.

I went out in my yard in a hard rain to see where the water was flowing (and figure out how I could capture it). During the same storm I also went to the mycofiltration bed at Edgewood to see how it was working.

I am planning a permaculture garden for our front yard (that’s where the sun is). It’s still bumping around inside my head, but it will probably involve a deck on the front of the house, to enjoy the garden. Ken has wanted for a long time to cut down the 2 arbor vitae and all the yew bushes in front of the house. I’m OK with that if I replace the arbor vitae on the SE corner of the house (where it gives us significant shade/cooling from the heat blasting off the driveway) with an apple tree guild. Eventually the tree will be big enough to shade the house, and it doesn’t matter if it doesn’t have leaves in the winter. Next summer I will host a Garden Wheel project to construct a swale and berm in our front yard to capture the water from our downspout and maybe my uphill neighbors’ as well.

In April I put in a 9′ X 6′ permaculture garden next to the kitchen door, that my friend Kate designed for me. It was wonderful all summer, attracting birds and insects. I learned to chop back the comfry and lay it on the ground as “fertilizer”. And I learned that many of the plants that have other functions (grass suppression, nutrient accumulation, etc.) also have medicinal functions. A friend came over & showed me how to make a tincture from the yarrow. Yarrow is good for fever, intestinal ickies, and wound healing (external). Apparently I have to shake this jar of yarrow & alcohol daily for about 6 weeks & then decant off the liquid. I’m starting my herbal first aide kit, acquiring the books and knowledge to support that (although I already had a few books about the medicinal qualities of herbs).

It’s been a year of buying and devouring books also.

October 28, 2009

The Permaculture and Three Epochs Curriculum

The Three Epochs of Human Development
“Since our emergence as a species, humankind has gone through three great cultural epochs, each with its prototypical lifestyle forms and folkways. The first epoch was that of the pre agricultural tribe of hunter gatherers and primitive cultivators. Hunter gatherer societies sustained themselves by having an intimate and intuitive knowledge of their surroundings. They acted as “gardeners” in the natural world and walked the earth quietly leaving as little trace of their presence as possible.

The simultaneous development of agriculture ten thousand years ago in various regions of the world gave birth to the second cultural epoch. The ability to grow food year after year from seeds and cultivated plants selected for vigor and reliability gave the former hunter gatherer the opportunity to remain in one place and cultivate extensive food crops for sustenance for family, relatives and friends.

The third cultural epoch gave rise to an explosion of intellectual, artistic and scientific learning. The technological discoveries and inventions of this era (which is still with us) helped to disassemble nature into pieces and then reassemble them into mechanical entities.

We now stand at a time when the best of these three great epochs must come together to help create an ecologically sound environment for all. The ecological epoch will see a resacralization of the living world in which life forms are more than resources they are also our relatives. The new epoch will not reject science or technology but bring them into a context where phenomena are understood as parts of a systemic whole that includes the spirit of the whole.”

As stated by Bill Mollison in Permaculture: A Designer’s Manual, in order for the long-term consequences of our actions to promote sustainability for future generations, we need to use “species that are native to our area or those naturalized species known to be beneficial; plan for small scale, energy efficient intensive systems rather than large scale, energy consuming extensive systems; be diverse, poly-cultural; increase the sum of yields: look at the total yield of the system provided by annuals, perennials, crops, trees and animals, also regard energy saved as a yield; use low energy environmental (solar, wind and water) and biological (plant and animal) systems to conserve and generate energy; bring food growing back into the towns and cities; assist people to become self reliant and promote community responsibility; re-afforest the earth and restore fertility to the soil; use everything at its optimum level and recycle so called wastes of any kind; see solutions, not problem .”

From households to bioregional planning, Permaculture design is not limited by scale.